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DVA-C02 Lambda Question Bank (96 Questions)

Browse all 96 practice questions covering AWS Lambda for the DVA-C02 certification exam. Answers are intentionally hidden on this page so you can self-test first before checking results in quiz mode.

Question 1Deployment
A developer wants to version their Lambda function and create a stable alias 'production' that points to a tested version. If a new version has issues, they want to instantly roll back with zero downtime. Which Lambda feature enables this?
ALambda Layers
BLambda Aliases with weighted traffic shifting
CLambda Environment Variables
DLambda Destinations
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Question 2Deployment
A developer wants to test a new Lambda function alias configuration without affecting production traffic. Which Lambda feature allows routing a percentage of traffic to a new version?
ALambda environment variables
BLambda alias routing configuration (weighted alias)
CLambda layers
DLambda reserved concurrency
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Question 3Development with AWS Services
A developer creates a Lambda function and deploys it with an alias 'prod' pointing to version 5. They update the function and publish version 6. Does the 'prod' alias automatically point to version 6?
AYes — aliases always point to the latest version
BNo — the developer must manually update the alias to point to version 6
CYes — if the function uses $LATEST
DNo — aliases cannot be updated
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Question 4Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer notices their Lambda function is experiencing cold starts in production. What is the MOST effective way to reduce cold start latency for critical functions?
AIncrease Lambda timeout
BEnable Lambda Provisioned Concurrency
CReduce Lambda function package size
DUse a different runtime
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Question 5Development with AWS Services
A developer wants to reduce Lambda function cold start times by keeping execution environments warm. Which approach is production-appropriate?
APing Lambda every minute with a CloudWatch Events rule
BUse Lambda Provisioned Concurrency
CIncrease Lambda timeout to 15 minutes
DDeploy Lambda in multiple regions
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Question 6Deployment
A developer deploys a new Lambda function version using CodeDeploy Canary10Percent5Minutes. What happens after 5 minutes?
ADeployment is rolled back automatically
B100% of traffic shifts to the new version if no alarms fire
CAnother 10% shifts to the new version
DThe deployment pauses for manual approval
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Question 7Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer discovers that their Lambda function's reserved concurrency is 10, but the function receives bursts of 100 concurrent requests. What happens to the excess requests?
AThey are queued automatically
BThey receive a 429 (TooManyRequests) throttle error
CLambda scales beyond the reserved concurrency
DThey are dropped silently
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Question 8Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer deploys a new Lambda function version. Users report 5xx errors from API Gateway. Without redeploying, how can they roll back instantly?
ADelete the new Lambda version
BUpdate the Lambda alias to point to the previous version
CRedeploy the old CloudFormation stack
DClear the API Gateway cache
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Question 9Development with AWS Services
A developer builds a Lambda function that must not exceed a specific concurrency to protect a downstream database. Which Lambda feature limits concurrent executions?
ALambda memory limit
BReserved concurrency
CProvisioned concurrency
DLambda timeout
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Question 10Development with AWS Services
A developer wants to trigger a Lambda function whenever a new object is uploaded to a specific S3 prefix. Which Lambda configuration enables this?
ALambda Destinations
BLambda Layers
CS3 Event Notification
DLambda Dead Letter Queue
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Question 11Development with AWS Services
A developer needs to call multiple AWS services from within a Lambda function using temporary credentials without hardcoding access keys. Which approach follows AWS best practices?
AStore credentials in Lambda environment variables
BEmbed credentials in the deployment package
CAssign an IAM execution role to the Lambda function
DUse AWS Secrets Manager with hardcoded ARN in code
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Question 12Security
A developer stores database passwords and API keys. They need these values to be encrypted, automatically rotated, and retrieved by Lambda at runtime. Which service is most appropriate?
AAWS Systems Manager Parameter Store (Standard)
BAWS Secrets Manager
CAWS KMS Key Store
DLambda Environment Variables with encryption helpers
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Question 13Security
A developer needs to grant a Lambda function read access to a specific S3 bucket. Following least privilege, which approach is best?
AAttach AdministratorAccess to the Lambda execution role
BCreate an IAM user with S3 access and pass credentials to Lambda
CCreate an IAM execution role with S3:GetObject scoped to the specific bucket
DMake the S3 bucket public
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Question 14Deployment
A developer uses AWS SAM to define Lambda functions and API Gateway resources as code. Which AWS service does SAM use to deploy the infrastructure?
AAWS Elastic Beanstalk
BAWS CodeDeploy
CAWS CloudFormation
DAWS Systems Manager
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Question 15Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function intermittently throws timeouts when connecting to an RDS database. Analysis shows it takes 2-3 seconds to establish a new connection on each invocation. Which optimization reduces this overhead?
AIncrease Lambda memory allocation
BEnable Lambda Provisioned Concurrency
CMove database connection initialization outside the handler function
DUse Lambda@Edge instead
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Question 16Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function processes messages from an SQS queue. Messages are being processed multiple times, causing duplicate operations. Which approach prevents duplicate processing?
AIncrease Lambda concurrency
BSwitch to an SQS FIFO queue with exactly-once processing
CEnable SQS long polling
DDecrease the visibility timeout
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Question 17Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function processes images uploaded to S3. Processing time ranges from 2-8 seconds, causing some invocations to time out with a 5-second limit. What is the most appropriate fix?
AIncrease Lambda memory to always reduce execution time
BEnable Lambda Provisioned Concurrency
CIncrease the Lambda function timeout and profile the processing logic
DMove image processing to EC2
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Question 18Development with AWS Services
A Lambda function needs to process messages from an SQS queue but should stop processing when the queue is empty. Which Lambda trigger behavior handles this automatically?
ALambda polls the queue and scales down to zero when no messages are available
BLambda uses long-polling and the event source mapping scales concurrency based on queue depth
CLambda must be invoked manually when messages arrive
DSQS sends a push notification to Lambda when messages are enqueued
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Question 19Development with AWS Services
A Lambda function requires access to a relational database. The function runs 500 concurrent executions and is causing too many database connections. What is the BEST solution?
AIncrease Lambda memory to reduce cold starts
BUse Amazon RDS Proxy to pool database connections
CEnable Lambda provisioned concurrency
DMove the database to DynamoDB
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Question 20Development with AWS Services
An S3 event triggers a Lambda function whenever a new object is uploaded. A developer notices some events are being processed twice. What should they implement?
AEnable S3 versioning
BAdd idempotency logic in the Lambda handler
CSwitch to SQS instead of S3 triggers
DReduce Lambda concurrency to 1
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Question 21Development with AWS Services
A Lambda function needs to call an AWS service API. What is the MOST secure way to grant it permissions?
AEmbed AWS access keys in the function code
BStore credentials in environment variables
CAssign an IAM execution role to the Lambda function
DUse a hardcoded IAM user ARN in the function
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Question 22Development with AWS Services
A developer needs to invoke a Lambda function asynchronously and doesn't need the result. Which invocation type should they use?
ARequestResponse
BEvent
CDryRun
DSynchronous
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Question 23Development with AWS Services
A developer wants to use API Gateway to expose a Lambda function as an HTTP endpoint without managing routing logic. Which integration should they choose?
AREST API with HTTP integration
BHTTP API with Lambda proxy integration
CREST API with MOCK integration
DWebSocket API
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Question 24Development with AWS Services
A developer builds a Lambda function triggered by API Gateway. The function needs to return binary image data. What must be configured?
AEnable binary support in API Gateway and Base64-encode the response body
BReturn the image as a URL only
CUse a CloudFront distribution for binary responses
DSwitch to ALB as the trigger
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Question 25Security
A Lambda function needs to access an encrypted S3 object using AWS KMS. The function receives an 'AccessDenied' error. What is the MOST likely cause?
AS3 bucket policy denies Lambda
BLambda execution role lacks kms:Decrypt permission on the KMS key
CS3 object is using SSE-S3 instead of SSE-KMS
DLambda is in a different region from S3
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Question 26Security
Which Cognito feature allows adding custom claims to JWT tokens during authentication via a Lambda function?
APre-authentication trigger
BPost-confirmation trigger
CPre-token-generation trigger
DCustom message trigger
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Question 27Security
A developer needs to encrypt an environment variable in a Lambda function so it's not visible in the console. Which approach is correct?
AStore the value in plain text — Lambda encrypts all environment variables by default
BEnable KMS encryption for the environment variable with a customer-managed key
CUse Lambda layers to store secrets
DUse S3 to store secrets and reference by name
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Question 28Security
A developer discovers that their Lambda function's environment variables containing secrets are visible in CloudTrail logs. How should this be mitigated?
ADisable CloudTrail logging
BUse AWS Secrets Manager or Parameter Store and fetch values at runtime
CRotate environment variables daily
DUse VPC endpoints to prevent logging
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Question 29Deployment
Which SAM resource type creates a Lambda function, an API Gateway endpoint, and the required permissions in a single declaration?
AAWS::Serverless::Api
BAWS::Serverless::Function with an Api event source
CAWS::Lambda::Function
DAWS::Serverless::Application
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Question 30Deployment
A developer wants to deploy Lambda function updates using traffic shifting with automatic rollback if errors exceed a threshold. Which service combination achieves this?
ACodeDeploy with Lambda deployment group and CloudWatch alarms
BCodePipeline with manual approval
CCloudFormation with Lambda version ARN
DElastic Beanstalk with Lambda backend
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Question 31Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function logs errors intermittently. A developer wants to trace requests end-to-end through Lambda, API Gateway, and DynamoDB. Which AWS service should they use?
ACloudWatch Logs
BAWS X-Ray
CCloudTrail
DVPC Flow Logs
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Question 32Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function's execution time is approaching the 15-minute limit due to a large data processing job. What is the BEST architectural solution?
AIncrease Lambda memory to reduce execution time
BBreak the job into smaller tasks using Step Functions
CUse provisioned concurrency
DIncrease Lambda timeout to 30 minutes
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Question 33Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function writes to DynamoDB but occasionally fails with a 'ProvisionedThroughputExceededException'. What should the developer do?
ACatch the exception and implement exponential backoff before retrying
BSwitch to a scan operation
CReduce the Lambda concurrency limit
DIncrease the Lambda memory
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Question 34Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer needs to set an alert when a Lambda function's error rate exceeds 5% over 5 minutes. Which service is used?
AAWS X-Ray
BCloudWatch Alarm on Errors metric
CAWS Config rule
DCloudTrail event rule
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Question 35Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer deploys a Lambda function and notices the function runs correctly locally but fails with a 'module not found' error in AWS. What is the MOST likely cause?
ALambda timeout is too short
BThe dependency is not included in the deployment package
CLambda has insufficient memory
DThe function needs a VPC
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Question 36Troubleshooting and Optimization
A CloudWatch log group is filling up with debug logs from a Lambda function in production, increasing storage costs. What is the BEST solution?
ADisable CloudWatch logging for the function
BSet a CloudWatch log group retention policy to expire logs after 7 days
CReduce Lambda concurrency
DMove logs to S3
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Question 37Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function processes SQS messages but is timing out on 20% of invocations. The function reads from an RDS instance. What is the MOST likely bottleneck?
ASQS queue has too many messages
BRDS connection pool is exhausted due to high Lambda concurrency
CLambda memory is too low
DSQS visibility timeout is too short
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Question 38Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer wants to automatically scale Lambda concurrency based on SQS queue depth. What is the correct statement?
ALambda auto-scales automatically based on the number of messages in the SQS queue when using event source mapping
BThe developer must configure Application Auto Scaling for Lambda
CLambda concurrency is fixed and cannot be auto-scaled
DOnly FIFO queues support Lambda auto-scaling
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Question 39Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function is hitting the 512 MB /tmp storage limit during processing. What is the BEST solution?
AIncrease Lambda memory to increase /tmp size
BConfigure Lambda /tmp storage up to 10 GB in function settings
CUse an EFS mount for additional storage
DSwitch from Lambda to EC2
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Question 40Development with AWS Services
An application publishes 100 messages per second to an SNS topic. Several Lambda functions subscribe. How does SNS deliver messages to Lambda?
ALambda polls SNS for messages
BSNS pushes messages to Lambda, invoking each subscriber function asynchronously
CLambda reads from the SNS queue using long-polling
DSNS batches messages and delivers them once per minute
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Question 41Development with AWS Services
A developer needs to share common code (e.g., a validation library) across multiple Lambda functions. What is the BEST approach?
ACopy the code into each Lambda function package
BUse Lambda Layers to share common code
CDeploy the code as a separate Lambda function
DStore the code in S3 and download at runtime
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Question 42Development with AWS Services
A developer builds a Lambda function that processes S3 upload events. The function should retry on failure but avoid processing duplicate events. What pattern should be used?
ASynchronous invocation with retry logic
BAsynchronous invocation with Lambda destinations for failures
CS3 → SQS → Lambda with idempotency key tracking
DDirect S3 trigger with Lambda reserved concurrency of 1
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Question 43Development with AWS Services
A Lambda function needs to access resources in a private VPC (RDS, ElastiCache). What configuration is required?
AEnable Lambda VPC configuration with subnet IDs and security group IDs
BUse a NAT Gateway for Lambda internet access
CPeer the Lambda execution VPC with the resource VPC
DUse AWS PrivateLink
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Question 44Development with AWS Services
A developer deploys a Lambda function that reads from a parameter in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store on each invocation, causing latency. How should they optimize this?
AStore the parameter in the Lambda environment variables
BCache the parameter value in the Lambda execution context (outside handler) and refresh on TTL expiry
CStore the parameter in DynamoDB
DRead the parameter once using CloudFormation
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Question 45Security
A Lambda function uses an IAM role with AmazonDynamoDBFullAccess but an SCP in the organization denies DynamoDB writes. Can the function write to DynamoDB?
AYes — IAM role permissions override SCPs
BNo — SCPs apply as an additional guard; both must allow the action
CYes — Lambda is exempt from SCPs
DNo — SCPs override all IAM policies including roles
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Question 46Security
A Lambda function in a VPC needs to access AWS KMS. Which network configuration avoids routing traffic over the internet?
ANAT Gateway
BVPC endpoint for KMS (Interface Endpoint)
CInternet Gateway
DTransit Gateway
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Question 47Security
A developer needs to securely pass a database password to a Lambda function at deploy time. The password must not be visible in CloudFormation or Lambda console. What should they do?
APass it as a Lambda environment variable
BStore it in Secrets Manager and reference it dynamically in Lambda at runtime
CEncode it as Base64 in the CloudFormation template
DStore it in a private S3 object
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Question 48Deployment
A developer uses AWS SAM local for local testing. Which command invokes a Lambda function locally?
Asam build
Bsam deploy
Csam local invoke
Dsam package
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Question 49Deployment
A developer builds a multi-stage Docker image for a Lambda function. Which base image should they use for production Lambda deployments?
Aubuntu:latest
BAn AWS-provided Lambda base image from ECR Public (public.ecr.aws/lambda/python:3.12)
Calpine:latest
Damazonlinux:2
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Question 50Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function with 256 MB memory takes 3 seconds to complete. A developer increases the memory to 1024 MB. What is the EXPECTED outcome?
AExecution time increases because more memory is allocated
BExecution time decreases and cost may also decrease if CPU-bound work completes faster
CNo change — Lambda performance is independent of memory
DCost always increases linearly with memory
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Question 51Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer notices a Lambda function is intermittently failing with 'TooManyRequestsException'. What should they do?
AIncrease Lambda memory
BRequest a Lambda concurrency limit increase or implement an SQS queue buffer
CIncrease the function timeout
DEnable Lambda provisioned concurrency
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Question 52Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function uses AWS SDK calls that occasionally fail. A developer wants to monitor the retry behavior. Which SDK feature provides visibility into retries?
AEnabling X-Ray tracing on the SDK
BSetting the SDK logger to DEBUG level
CUsing CloudTrail to log all SDK calls
DMonitoring Lambda timeout metrics
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Question 53Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer wants to test an SQS-triggered Lambda function locally. Which SAM CLI command runs the function locally?
Asam local invoke with an SQS event JSON payload
Bsam remote invoke
Csam local start-api
Dsam sync
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Question 54Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer wants to measure custom business metrics (e.g., orders processed) from a Lambda function. Which is the MOST efficient approach?
AWrite the metric to DynamoDB and query later
BUse CloudWatch PutMetricData API or CloudWatch Embedded Metric Format (EMF)
CLog the metric value as plain text
DUse CloudTrail for business event tracking
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Question 55Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer wants to identify the most time-consuming downstream service call in a Lambda function. Which X-Ray concept shows this?
AX-Ray sampling rate
BX-Ray subsegment with timing for each downstream call
CX-Ray annotations
DX-Ray groups
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Question 56Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function processes an SQS batch of 10 messages. Message #5 fails. If the function throws an exception, what happens to all 10 messages?
AOnly message #5 is retried
BAll 10 messages become visible again after the visibility timeout and are retried
CMessages 1-4 are deleted; messages 5-10 are retried
DAll 10 messages are sent to the DLQ
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Question 57Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer wants to alert when the P99 latency of a Lambda function exceeds 2 seconds. Which CloudWatch feature is needed?
ACloudWatch Standard Resolution metric alarm
BCloudWatch metric math with P99(Duration) statistic in the alarm
CX-Ray latency histogram
DCloudWatch Logs Insights alert
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Question 58Development with AWS Services
A developer writes a Lambda function that calls third-party APIs. The function must retry up to 3 times with exponential backoff on transient failures. Which approach is correct?
AConfigure Lambda's maximum retry attempts to 3 in the event source mapping
BImplement retry logic with exponential backoff inside the function handler
CUse SQS DLQ to automatically retry
DSet Lambda timeout to 3 minutes to allow retries
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Question 59Development with AWS Services
An application uses SQS and Lambda. The developer sets the Lambda event source mapping BatchSize to 10. What does this mean?
ALambda polls SQS 10 times per second
BLambda receives up to 10 messages per invocation
CLambda runs 10 concurrent functions
DLambda waits for 10 seconds before polling
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Question 60Development with AWS Services
A developer wants API Gateway to return a custom error message when the Lambda function returns a specific error string. Which feature maps Lambda errors to HTTP responses?
AAPI Gateway resource policy
BAPI Gateway integration response with regular expression mapping
CLambda Destinations
DAPI Gateway usage plan
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Question 61Development with AWS Services
A developer uses AWS AppConfig to manage feature flags for a Lambda function. How does the function retrieve the latest configuration?
ALambda restarts automatically when AppConfig changes
BThe function uses the AppConfig Lambda extension or AWS SDK to fetch configuration on startup and poll for updates
CAppConfig pushes configuration to Lambda environment variables
DLambda reads configuration from an S3 bucket
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Question 62Development with AWS Services
A developer wants to test Lambda function behavior for a specific event payload without deploying. Which approach requires NO deployment?
ADeploy the function and invoke with the AWS CLI
BUse 'sam local invoke' with the event JSON
CUse the Lambda console test tab with a configured test event
DBoth B and C
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Question 63Security
A developer finds that a Lambda function can access resources it should not. How should they audit the effective permissions?
AReview the Lambda execution role's attached policies using IAM
BCheck CloudTrail for all Lambda API calls
CUse AWS Config to list Lambda resources
DReview VPC security groups
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Question 64Security
A developer creates a resource policy on a Lambda function. What is the primary use case?
AGranting Lambda execution permissions to an IAM role
BAllowing external AWS services (S3, API Gateway, EventBridge) or accounts to invoke the function
CDefining Lambda environment variables
DRestricting Lambda VPC access
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Question 65Security
An organization requires that all Lambda functions use customer-managed KMS keys for environment variable encryption. How is this enforced at scale?
AManually configure each Lambda function
BUse an AWS Config rule or SCP to enforce KMS key usage for Lambda
CEnable default KMS encryption in the AWS account
DUse AWS Secrets Manager for all variables
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Question 66Deployment
A developer uses CloudFormation to create a Lambda function. The function needs the ARN of an SQS queue created in the same stack. How should they reference it?
AHardcode the SQS queue ARN
BUse Fn::GetAtt: [MySQSQueue, Arn]
CUse a CloudFormation Mapping
DUse a Parameter for the SQS ARN
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Question 67Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function has a 3-second execution time but is billed for 5 seconds. What is the MOST likely cause?
ALambda charges a minimum of 5 seconds per invocation
BCold start time is included in billing duration
CThe function is using provisioned concurrency
DLambda bills in 100ms increments rounded up
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Question 68Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer uses CloudWatch Logs and wants to find all ERROR log lines from a Lambda function in the last hour. Which tool provides this fastest?
ACloudWatch Metrics
BCloudWatch Logs Insights with a query filtering for ERROR
CAWS X-Ray trace search
DCloudTrail event history
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Question 69Troubleshooting and Optimization
An application experiences intermittent failures in Lambda with 'Task timed out after X seconds'. The function calls an external API. What is the BEST fix?
AIncrease Lambda timeout to 15 minutes
BSet a connection and read timeout on the external HTTP client, shorter than the Lambda timeout; implement a fallback
CUse SQS to buffer the requests
DEnable Lambda provisioned concurrency
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Question 70Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer wants to optimize cost for a Lambda function that runs 10 million times/month with execution duration under 100ms. Which configuration change could help?
AIncrease Lambda timeout
BReduce Lambda memory to the minimum required for reliable execution using Lambda Power Tuning
CEnable provisioned concurrency
DSwitch to Graviton2 architecture
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Question 71Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer wants to measure the impact of a code optimization on Lambda cold start times. Which metric should they track?
ALambda Duration
BLambda Init Duration (reported in CloudWatch Logs for cold starts)
CLambda ConcurrentExecutions
DLambda Throttles
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Question 72Development with AWS Services
A developer uses Lambda with a VPC. After adding VPC configuration, the function can no longer reach the internet. What is missing?
AA public subnet for Lambda
BA NAT Gateway in a public subnet with a route from Lambda's private subnet
CAn Internet Gateway attached to Lambda's subnet
DA VPC endpoint for internet access
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Question 73Development with AWS Services
A Lambda function triggered by API Gateway needs to return a binary PDF response. What must the developer configure?
ASet Content-Type to text/pdf in the Lambda response
BEnable binary media type 'application/pdf' in API Gateway and return Base64-encoded body with isBase64Encoded:true
CStore the PDF in S3 and return a redirect URL
DUse a WebSocket API for binary data
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Question 74Development with AWS Services
A developer uses API Gateway REST API. The backend integration is a Lambda function. To avoid re-invoking Lambda for identical requests within 5 minutes, what should they configure?
ALambda provisioned concurrency
BAPI Gateway response caching with a 300-second TTL
CCloudFront caching in front of API Gateway
DLambda environment variable caching
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Question 75Development with AWS Services
A developer uses API Gateway with a Lambda proxy integration. The Lambda function returns a response without a 'statusCode' field. What does API Gateway return to the client?
A200 OK with the raw Lambda response
B502 Bad Gateway — Lambda response format is invalid
C400 Bad Request
D500 Internal Server Error
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Question 76Development with AWS Services
A developer uses Lambda and needs to run initialization code only once per cold start (e.g., loading a configuration file). Where should this code be placed?
AInside the handler function
BIn the module-level scope (outside the handler function)
CIn a Lambda Layer
DIn a CloudFormation custom resource
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Question 77Security
A developer uses a Lambda function and accidentally exposes the execution role ARN in logs. What risk does this create?
ANo risk — ARNs are not sensitive
BAn attacker with knowledge of the ARN could attempt to assume the role if the trust policy allows it
CThe ARN can be used to steal KMS keys
DThe ARN leaks the AWS account ID
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Question 78Security
A developer stores secrets in AWS Secrets Manager and wants automatic rotation with a Lambda function. Which IAM permission does the rotation Lambda function need on Secrets Manager?
Asecretsmanager:GetSecretValue only
Bsecretsmanager:DescribeSecret, GetSecretValue, PutSecretValue, UpdateSecretVersionStage
Csecretsmanager:RotateSecret only
DFull secretsmanager:* permissions
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Question 79Security
A developer has a Lambda function with IAM-based API Gateway auth. The function returns a successful response, but the client receives 403. What is the cause?
AThe Lambda function has insufficient memory
BThe client's IAM credentials lack execute-api:Invoke permission on the API method ARN
CThe API Gateway is in a different region
DThe Lambda execution role denies the call
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Question 80Security
A developer uses Lambda and wants to restrict which VPCs can connect to the function's URL. Which mechanism controls this?
ALambda resource policy with VPC condition
BLambda function URL with AuthType: AWS_IAM and a resource policy restricting VPC endpoints
CSecurity group for Lambda VPC interface
DVPC endpoint policy for Lambda
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Question 81Deployment
A developer creates a SAM template with an API Gateway and Lambda. After deployment, they update only the Lambda function code. What is the FASTEST way to redeploy?
Asam deploy
Bsam sync --code (deploys only the code change, bypassing CloudFormation)
Caws cloudformation update-stack
DManually zip and upload to Lambda
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Question 82Deployment
A developer wants to package and deploy a Lambda function along with its dependencies as a container image. What is the maximum container image size?
A250 MB
B512 MB
C10 GB
D1 GB
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Question 83Deployment
A developer uses CloudFormation and wants to output the Lambda function ARN for use by other teams. Which section and function accomplish this?
AResources section with Fn::GetAtt
BOutputs section with Fn::GetAtt or !GetAtt and optional Export
CParameters section with AllowedValues
DMappings section
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Question 84Deployment
A developer uses CloudFormation. A Lambda function requires the ARN of an SNS topic created in the same template. Which method is MOST appropriate?
AHardcode a placeholder ARN
BUse Ref (for SNS topic ARN) or Fn::GetAtt in the Lambda environment variables
CCreate the SNS topic in a separate stack
DUse a CloudFormation mapping with the ARN
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Question 85Deployment
A developer wants to run integration tests against a deployed Lambda function as part of the CodePipeline after deployment. Which approach is BEST?
ARun tests in the CodeBuild build stage before deployment
BAdd a Test stage after Deploy, using CodeBuild to invoke Lambda endpoints and validate responses
CUse CloudWatch alarms to detect test failures
DAdd a manual approval stage for testing
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Question 86Deployment
A developer uses SAM and wants to grant the Lambda function permission to read from an SQS queue. Which SAM feature simplifies this?
AManually attach an IAM policy to the role
BUse SAM Policy Templates (SQSPollerPolicy) in the function's Policies property
CUse IAM managed policy AmazonSQSFullAccess
DAdd an event source mapping only
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Question 87Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer wants to trace all Lambda cold starts over the past 24 hours. Which CloudWatch filter identifies cold starts?
AFilter @message like /TIMEOUT/
BFilter @message like /Init Duration/
CFilter @message like /COLD_START/
DFilter @message like /START RequestId/
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Question 88Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer's Lambda function processes S3 events but some events are never processed and no errors appear in logs. What should they check?
ALambda timeout is too short
BS3 event notifications for delivery failures; check Lambda concurrency limits and the Lambda async invocation queue
CCloudTrail for denied S3 events
DThe Lambda function's VPC configuration
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Question 89Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer finds that an API Gateway endpoint's latency increased after a Lambda function update. How should they identify the cause?
ARoll back the Lambda update immediately
BCompare X-Ray traces before and after the update to identify which subsegment increased
CIncrease Lambda memory to compensate
DCheck VPC Flow Logs for network issues
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Question 90Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer deploys a Lambda function and finds that execution time increases linearly with input size, suggesting an O(n²) algorithm. What tools help confirm this?
ACloudTrail logs
BLambda Duration metric and X-Ray traces with custom subsegments around the suspected algorithm
CS3 access logs
DVPC Flow Logs
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Question 91Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer is troubleshooting a Lambda function that occasionally returns incorrect results, but logs show no errors. What should they suspect?
ALambda cold starts are corrupting state
BGlobal/module-level state is persisted across invocations (execution context reuse) and becoming stale
CLambda memory is too low
DCloudWatch Logs are missing entries
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Question 92Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer is profiling a Lambda function and discovers that 60% of time is spent loading a 50 MB ML model on each invocation. What is the BEST optimization?
AIncrease Lambda memory to 10 GB
BLoad the model in the module-level initialization code so it's cached across warm invocations
CStore the model in DynamoDB
DMove to an EC2 instance
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Question 93Troubleshooting and Optimization
A Lambda function uses a library that logs extensively at DEBUG level, filling CloudWatch Logs with noise. What is the BEST approach to reduce log volume?
ADisable CloudWatch Logs for the function
BSet the library's log level to WARNING or ERROR programmatically in the handler initialization
CUse a custom Lambda runtime
DMove the function to EC2
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Question 94Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer uses Lambda and wants to prevent the function from being invoked if a downstream service is degraded. Which pattern implements circuit-breaking?
AReduce Lambda concurrency to 0
BTrack failure counts in ElastiCache/DynamoDB and stop calling the downstream service when failures exceed a threshold
CUse Lambda retry on failure
DUse CloudWatch alarm to disable the Lambda trigger
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Question 95Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer uses Lambda with SQS event source mapping and wants to improve throughput processing messages faster. Which configuration change helps?
AIncrease Lambda timeout
BIncrease BatchSize and enable concurrent batches (MaximumConcurrency) for the event source mapping
CIncrease SQS message size
DSwitch to FIFO queue
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Question 96Troubleshooting and Optimization
A developer discovers a memory leak in a Lambda function — memory usage grows with each warm invocation. What is the root cause?
ALambda's memory limit is too low
BModule-level objects accumulating state across warm invocations without cleanup
CLambda doesn't support garbage collection
DThe Lambda runtime has a bug
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Key Lambda Concepts for DVA-C02

lambdaserverlessfunctionruntimelayerconcurrencycold startevent source mappingaliasversion

DVA-C02 Lambda Exam Tips

AWS Lambda questions in DVA-C02 are typically scenario-based. Focus on application development patterns, event-driven integration, and secure coding on AWS. Priority concepts: lambda, serverless, function, runtime, layer, concurrency.

What DVA-C02 Expects

Anchor your answer in select developer-friendly managed services and patterns that minimize custom undifferentiated code.
Lambda scenarios for DVA-C02 are frequently mapped to Domain 1 (32%), Domain 3 (24%), Domain 4 (18%), so read the objective carefully before picking controls or architecture.
Expect multi-topic scenarios where Lambda interacts with IAM, networking, storage, or observability patterns rather than appearing as an isolated question.
When two options are both technically valid, prefer the choice that best aligns with the exam's operational scope (Associate) and vendor best practices.

High-Value Lambda Concepts

Know the core Lambda building blocks cold: lambda, serverless, function, runtime.
Review the edge-case features and limits for layer, concurrency; these details are commonly used to differentiate answer choices.
Practice service-integration reasoning: how Lambda pairs with API Gateway, DynamoDB, SQS, Step Functions in real deployment patterns.
For DVA-C02, explain why the chosen Lambda design meets reliability, security, and cost expectations better than the alternatives.

Common DVA-C02 Traps

Watch for using infrastructure-centric answers instead of application-centric ones.
Questions in Development with AWS Services often include distractors that look correct for Lambda but violate least-privilege, durability, or availability requirements.
Avoid picking options purely by feature name; validate data path, failure handling, and governance impact before answering.
If the prompt hints at automation or repeatability, eliminate manual-only operational answers first.

Fast Review Checklist

Can you compare at least two Lambda implementation paths and justify which one best fits the scenario?
Can you map the chosen answer back to Development with AWS Services (32%) outcomes for DVA-C02?
Can you explain security and access boundaries for Lambda without relying on default-open assumptions?
Can you describe how Lambda integrates with API Gateway and DynamoDB during failure, scaling, and monitoring events?

Exam Domains Covering Lambda

Domain 1Development with AWS Services32%Domain 3Deployment24%Domain 4Troubleshooting and Optimization18%

Related Resources

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